INTRODUCTION
“Rice is Life” Rice is the stable food for the people of Wokha. Traditional Agriculture has been the main occupation for the Wokha district farmers.
Hence, the rural economy primarily is dependent on the progress of Agriculture sector. Basing on the background realities, Agriculture department seeks to
promote a technically sound, economically viable, environmentally non-degrading and socially acceptable sustainable agriculture development in the district
using the natural resources, land, water and genetic endowment.
Jhum/Shifting cultivation is the main occupation of the farmers due to its topographical terrain. The type of farming system practices in the District is
the traditional Jhum, Terrace Rice cultivation (TRC) and Wet Rice Cultivation (WRC) in the Foot hills and Plain area. In shifting cultivation, mixed cropping
pattern is practiced incorporating cereals, pulses, oilseeds, tubercrops, spices and condiments using local cultivars which are organic in nature.
Climate change has enormous impact on Agriculture production leading to loss of crop biodiversity unless managed sustainably. Therefore, concerted efforts
of all stalk holders to support the conservation by creating awareness among the farming community, package and practices such as crop rotation, double
cropping, relay cropping and utilization of available resources to be promoted to maintain the soil nutrients in order to increase production and productivity
to meet ever increasing demand for more food both in terms of quantity and quality.
Different Schemes implemented by the Department
National Food Security Mission (NFSM):
NFSM is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme(CSS) launched during 11th Plan (October 2007) with a mission
objectives to:
- Increase in production of rice, wheat and pulses through are expansion and productivity.
- Enhancement in a sustainable manner.
- Restore soil fertility and productivity at the individual farm level.
- Enhance farm level economy.
Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana(RKVY):
RKVY is a centrally sponsored scheme launched during 11th plan with a main focus to enhance Agriculture
Production aiming at 4% growth in the country. Tjis is being implemented under cluster project. Altogether 4 (four) cluster projects are being implemented by Agriculture and Allied department covering 20 (twenty) villages.
Cash Crop development under RKVY:
Under RKVY potato cultivation was taken up as cash crop covering an area of 5 ha in 4 villages benefiting 25 nos of
farmers.
Women in Agriculture under RKVY:
Under this programme 3 nos of women SHG (Self Help Group) was identified and imparted training. 45 nos of SHG members
attended the training representing 3 villages. The activities of SHG were cultivation of Ginger, Colucasia and chilly which covers about 25 ha.
Integrated Pest management (IPM) RKVY:
Integrated Pest management programme is successfully implemented in the District. This programme was to create
awareness among the farming community on the harmful effect of chemical pesticides residuces and indiscriminate use of pesticides in the farmers field.
The conservation of flora and fauna is prioritized during the training emphasizing of farmer friendly insects.
Implementation of IPM under RKVY during 2017-18:
- No .of FFS allotted : 2
- Season long training conducted : 3
- No. of beneficiary trained : 110
- No. of villages covered : 2
Agriculture tools and implementation under RKVY:
The under mentioned materials component was issued to the farmers under RKVY to the needy farmers under RKVY.
- Sprayers
- Shoval
- Watering can
- Spade
- Rake
- Jumper
- Pick Axe
- Maize sheker
- Sickle
Power tiller path under RKVY:
Under this programme 3 nos of power tiller path was constructed covering a distance 11 km benefiting 4 nos of villages.
Marketing promotion (Storage) under RKVY:
Construction of marketing shed was taken up in 4 (four) different location to promote and encourage the farmers.
National Mission for sustainable Agriculture( NMSA):
NMSA is mission under national action plan on climate change (NAPCC). It is centrally aided mission
launched in the State during 2014-15 with a main objective of sustainable production, remuneration and climate resilient, conserve natural resources with
optimize utilization of water.
Under NMSA, Rainfed Area Development (RAD) in one of the component with an objective to:-
- Conserve natural resources and development of rainfed Agriculture.
- Increase Agriculture Productivity especially in rainfed area.
- Focus on integrated farming, water use efficiency, soil health management.
Farm Mechanization:
Through this programme, machineries can be provided to the farmers in 50% subsidy, free of cost under machineries by setting up farm machinery banks for custom hiring.
Mission Organic value chain development for NE region (MOVCD):
The mission was launched with an objective to develop crop commodity specify value chain address gaps in organic crop production, to encourage producer organization / companies also to replace conventional farming system. Develop NER products as brands/labels. During 2017-18 ginger and chilly cultivation were taken up by the beneficiaries.
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY):
PMKSY is a flagship programme launched by GOI promoting efficient water conveyance and water to ensure “Per drop-more crop”.
Soil type found in Wokha district:
The soil may be described in the following groups:
- Cool and temperate zone with coniferous zone with coniferous vegetation (Hill slope and terraces) dark grayish brown and dark brown podzolic soils derived from noncalcareous shales. This are clay loam, acidic, rich in organic matter but poor in P205 and K2 content.
- Cool mountain climate within broad-leaved deciduous vegetation. Hill slopes and terraces: these soils are grayish brown to yellowish brown(brown earth) these soils are shallow to medium in depth, clayloam to silty clayloam, acidic and rich in organic matter, availability of potash and phosphate contain are medium to poor.
- Hot, monsoon, climate with mixed vegetation (Rolling topography): The colour of the soil is reddish brown to yellow brown. Soil are deep, coarse to medium in texture, strongly acidic, rich in organic matter, but poor in P205 and K2.
- Old alluvial soil: This soil are found in foot hills. The colour of the soil is reddish to brown to yellowish brown usually medium in texture, moderately acidic and rich in organic carbon. P205 and k2 are medium to low.
- Recent alluvial soil: these soil are very deep, slightly acidic, rich in organic carbon. P2O5. K2 content from medium to low. This is the most fertile and productive soil in the district.
Different types of crops grown in the district
: In Kharif season the under mentioned crops were grown by the farmers in the district.
- Kharif cereal: Jhum paddy, TRC/WRC paddy, maize, small millet, foxtail millet, jobstear, wheat.
- Kharif pulses: Rice bean, nagadal, cowpea, beans, rajmash (kholar).
- Rabi pulses: Pea, lentil, rajmash (kholar).
- Kharif oil seeds: Ground nut, soyabean, perilla, sesamum.
- Rabi oil seeds: Rapeseed, mustard, linseed.
- Kharif commercial crop: Sugarcane, cotton, jute, tea, ramie, mesta, topiaca, colocossia, yam, ginger, sweet potato, potato, cardamom etc.
- Others: Vegetable crops
National e-governance plan for agriculture (NEGPA):
This programme provides information to the farmers about farm needs using multiple delivery channel viz Govt. offices, internet, KVKS, Kisan Call Centre (KCC), Agri-clinics, common service centers and mobile phone.